वैसे तो छठ पर्व दीवाली के 6 दिन बाद आता है पर दीपावली के अगले दिन से है इसकी तैयारियां शुरू हो जाती है। बाज़ार दीवाली की रौनक से सजा ही रहता है और छठ पूजा का आगमन मार्केट में झलकने लगता है। चारों और सूप सजाने की सामग्री यानी की फल फलेरी की दुकानों से चारों और भर जाता हैं। इन दिनों तो आपको सब्जी मिल गया तो मानों आपका भाग्य अच्छा है क्योंकि सभी दुकानदार छठ पूजा की सामग्री बेचने लग जाते है। दीवाली के कुछ दिनों के बाद से ही लोग गंगा स्नान कर अपने आप को शुद्ध करते है और इसके बाद ही वो छठ पूजा की तैयारी में लगते है। गंगा स्नान करने के बाद लहसुन प्याज़ का भी सेवन नहीं करते है। इन दिनों से ही घाटों की सजावट दिखने लगती है। गंगा स्नान के लिए बहुत से लोग बड़ी दूर से भी आते है इसलिए सरकार इसके लिए विशेष रेल गाड़ी की भी सुविधा उपलब्ध कराती है। यदि कुछ लोग नहीं भी जा पाए तो किसी से गंगा जी का जल मंगवा कर घर पर ही उससे स्नान कर अपने आप को शुद्ध करते है, और छठ का यह महापर्व मनाने को तैयार हो जाते है।
इस महापर्व का शुरुआत नहाय खाय से होता है। इस दिन कई लोग गंगा स्नान कर अपने घरों में कद्दू भात का सेवन करते है इसलिए इस दिन को कद्दू भात के नाम से भी जाना जाता है। जो व्यक्ति छठ पूजा का सूप उठाते है यानी जो पारम्परिक तौर पर अपने घर परिवार के लिए छठ का ये कठिन वर्त करते है वे आज से ही लगभग उपवास रहने लगते है यानी कद्दू भात के दिन से ही वो ज़्यादा भोजन नहीं करते हैं जो भगवान को चढ़ावा चढ़ता है बस उसी का सेवन करते है। सुबह से ही मिट्टी की चूल्हा पर भोजन तैयार करने में लगे रहते है। भोजन भगवान को भी चढ़ता है इसलिए विशेष कर इसे वहीं लोग बनाते है जो कि बिना खाए पिए रहते है। जैसे कि इस दिन का नाम भी है कद्दू भात इस दिन कद्दू भात ही बनता है और बनते ही सबसे पहले भगवान को भोग लगाया जाता है और उसके बाद जो व्यक्ति छठ करते है वो खाते है। उसके बाद ही सब घर परिवार इसका सेवन करते है तथा लोगो को भी बांटते है। वो व्यक्ति कद्दू भात का ही जो प्रसाद खाते है उसके बाद आज कुछ नहीं खाते है और छठ पूजा के अगले दिन की तैयारी में लग जाते है जैसे कि गेहूं धो सूखा कर पिसना तथा चावल भी पिसना।
इस महापर्व का दूसरा दिन को खरना के नाम से जाना जाता है। इस दिन रात्रि को अर्घ्य दिया जाता है। यह दिन लोग बाज़ार का सामान लाते है जैसे कि छठ पूजा में चढ़ने वाला यानी की सूप में सजाने वाले फल, तथा ठेकुआ कसारा का सामग्री की भी व्यवस्था करते है। इस दिन जो व्यक्ति सूप उठाते है वह सुबह से अन्न जल ग्रहण नहीं करते है तथा संध्या काल में मिट्टी के चूल्हे पर खीर बनाते है। रात्रि को भगवान को अर्ग दिया जाता है यानी की जो व्यक्ति ये छठ पूजा करते है वो रात में अपने पूजा स्थल में केले और खीर के पात्र लिए खड़े रहते है और उसके परिवार वाले उसपर दूध अर्पण करते है। वह इस प्रसाद को ग्रहण करते है तथा अपने परिवार में सभी को बांटते है। कई जगह इसे अलग रूप में भी मनाया जाता है पर रात्रि में अर्घ्य दे कर ही छठ पूजा का ये दूसरा दिन मनाया जाता है।
इस महापर्व का तीसरा दिन यानी कि संध्या अर्घ्य दान। यह दिन की शुरुआत से ही सभी परिवार वासी अपने अपने कार्य में लग जाते है क्योंकि इस दिन अलग अलग कार्य होते है। जैसे कि कुछ लोग ठेकुआ और कसारा बनाने का कार्य करते है और यह छठ पूजा की विशेष पकवान है, जिसके लिए पहले से ही गेहूं चावल पीस कर रखा जाता है। वहीं कुछ लोग सूप की साजावत करते है, केला नारियल ताभा आदि विशेष रूप से चढ़ाया जाता है। लोग अपनी क्षमता के अनुसार सूप की सजावट करते है। जैसा कि मैंने पहले भी कहा यह पूजा की विशेषता ठेकुआ है और इसकी पूर्ति अवश्य करते है। फिर कुछ लोग घाट की भी सजावट करते है, भले ही वहां कुछ पल ही बिताना हो पर लोग बहुत ही उत्साह से उसकी भी सजावट करते है। इस दिन घर के सभी लोग अपने अपने काम करते है इसलिए यह पर्व की विशेषता और भी अधिक हो जाती है। परिवार के लोग कहीं भी हो वो छठ पूजा के समय अपने घर जरूर पहुंच जाते है। जैसे कि आप सभी जानते है यह पर्व लोग अपने परिवार वालों के लिए मनाते है इसलिए भी यह पर्व में सभी लोग अपने अपने स्तर से अपना सहयोग देते है। संध्या होने से पूर्व ही सूप को डाला में कर के अपने माथे पर उठा कर घाट जाते है हालांकि अब कई लोग वाहान का भी प्रयोग करने लगे हैं। घाट पर जाकर सूप को वहां सजाते है और संध्या होने पर यानी की सूर्य की लालिमा दिखने पर उन्हें अर्घ्य दिया जाता है। जो व्यक्ति पिछले दो दिनों से उपवास रहते है वो पानी में उतर कर सूरज की ओर खरे होकर सूप उठाता है तथा सभी लोग सूप के आगे दूध एवं गंगा जल चढ़ाते है और इस तरह संध्या अर्घ्य का ये दिन मनाया जाता हैं। आज के दिन ढलते सूरज की पूजा की जाती है यानी की सूर्य अस्त को नमस्कार किया जाता है।
छठ पूजा का चौथा और अंतिम दिन को निस्तार कहा जाता है। इस दिन भगवान भास्कर को सुबह सुबह यानी सूर्य उदय को अर्घ्य दिया जाता है। संध्या अर्घ्य दान की भाती ही आज भी अर्घ्य दान किया जाता है और आज के अर्घ्य दान के साथ ही छठ पूजा का चार दिनों का ये महापर्व समाप्त होता हैं। जो व्यक्ति छठ पूजा करता है वो पिछले चार दिनों से उपवास रहता है वो अपना वर्त सरवत तथा चाय से खोलता है, इसके बाद ही अन्न जल ग्रहण करता है। इस त्योहार के प्रसाद का भी बहुत महत्व है इसलिए जो ये पर्व नहीं भी करते है वो भी इस पर्व का प्रसाद ग्रहण कर अपने आप को सौभाग्यशाली मानते है।
- सनोज कुमार द्वारा रचित
Read in English
Although Chhath festival comes 6 days after Diwali, but from the next day of Deepawali, its preparations start. The market remains decorated with the gusto of Diwali and the arrival of Chhath Puja is reflected in the market. Soup decorations are filled all around, ie, fruits and fruit shops. These days, if you have got vegetables, then your luck is good because all the shopkeepers start selling the items of Chhath Puja. After a few days of Diwali, people purify themselves by bathing in the Ganges and only after that they start preparing for Chhath Puja. After bathing in the Ganges, do not consume garlic and onions. From these days the decoration of the Ghats starts appearing. Many people also come from far away for bathing in the Ganges, so the government also provides the facility of special train for this. Even if some people are not able to go, then after getting the water of Ganga ji from someone, they purify themselves by bathing in it at home, and get ready to celebrate this great festival of Chhath.
This great festival begins with a bath. On this day many people take a bath in the Ganges and consume pumpkin rice in their homes, hence this day is also known as Kaddu Bhaat. The person who takes the soup of Chhath Puja i.e. those who traditionally do this difficult ritual of Chhath for their family, they start fasting almost from today itself, that is, from the day of Kaddu Bhaat, they do not eat much food which is worshiped to God. Offerings are made, only they consume it. Since morning, they are engaged in preparing food on the earthen stove. Food is also offered to God, so it is specially made by those people who live without eating and drinking. As the name of this day is also known as Pumpkin Rice, only pumpkin rice is made on this day and as soon as it is made, first it is offered to God and after that the person who performs Chhath eats it. Only after that all the households consume it and distribute it to the people as well. After that the person who eats the prasad of pumpkin rice, does not eat anything today and starts preparing for the next day of Chhath Puja such as grinding wheat after washing dry and grinding rice too.
The second day of this great festival is known as Kharna. Arghya is offered at night on this day. On this day people bring the goods of the market such as the ones used for Chhath Puja i.e. the fruits to be decorated in the soup, and also arrange the ingredients of Thekua Kasara. Those who take soup on this day do not take food and water since morning and make kheer on an earthen stove in the evening. Arg is given to God at night i.e. the person who performs this Chhath Puja, stands in his place of worship at night carrying bananas and kheer pots and his family members offer milk to him. He accepts this prasad and distributes it to everyone in his family. In many places it is also celebrated in a different form, but this second day of Chhath Puja is celebrated only by offering Arghya at night.
The third day of this great festival i.e. Sandhya Arghya donation. From the beginning of this day, all the family members get busy in their work because different tasks are done on this day. Like some people do the work of making Thekua and Kasara and this is a special dish of Chhath Puja, for which wheat rice is already ground and kept. At the same time, some people make soup, banana coconut tabha etc. are specially offered. People decorate the soup according to their capacity. As I said earlier, this is the specialty of worship and definitely fulfills it. Then some people also decorate the ghat, even if they want to spend only a few moments there, but people decorate it with great enthusiasm. On this day all the people of the house do their work, so the specialty of this festival becomes even more. Wherever the family members are, they definitely reach their homes at the time of Chhath Puja. As you all know that people celebrate this festival for their family members, that is why in this festival, everyone gives their support from their own level. Even before the evening, after pouring the soup in the dala, lifting it on his forehead, he goes to the ghat, although now many people have started using the vehicle as well. They go to the ghat and decorate the soup there and in the evening they are offered Arghya when they see the redness of the sun. The person who has been fasting for the last two days, standing in the water and standing towards the sun, lifts the soup and all the people offer milk and Ganga water in front of the soup and thus this day of Sandhya Arghya is celebrated. On this day, the setting sun is worshipped, that is, the setting sun is saluted.
The fourth and last day of Chhath Puja is called Nistar. On this day, Arghya is offered to Lord Bhaskar in the early morning i.e. when the sun rises. Even today Arghya donation is done just like Sandhya Arghya donation and with today's Arghya donation, this four-day festival of Chhath Puja ends. The person who performs Chhath Puja, observes fast for the last four days, opens his vart with sarvat and tea, only after that he takes food and water. The prasad of this festival is also very important, so those who do not do this festival also consider themselves fortunate by taking the prasad of this festival.
- sanoj kumar
This great festival begins with a bath. On this day many people take a bath in the Ganges and consume pumpkin rice in their homes, hence this day is also known as Kaddu Bhaat. The person who takes the soup of Chhath Puja i.e. those who traditionally do this difficult ritual of Chhath for their family, they start fasting almost from today itself, that is, from the day of Kaddu Bhaat, they do not eat much food which is worshiped to God. Offerings are made, only they consume it. Since morning, they are engaged in preparing food on the earthen stove. Food is also offered to God, so it is specially made by those people who live without eating and drinking. As the name of this day is also known as Pumpkin Rice, only pumpkin rice is made on this day and as soon as it is made, first it is offered to God and after that the person who performs Chhath eats it. Only after that all the households consume it and distribute it to the people as well. After that the person who eats the prasad of pumpkin rice, does not eat anything today and starts preparing for the next day of Chhath Puja such as grinding wheat after washing dry and grinding rice too.
The second day of this great festival is known as Kharna. Arghya is offered at night on this day. On this day people bring the goods of the market such as the ones used for Chhath Puja i.e. the fruits to be decorated in the soup, and also arrange the ingredients of Thekua Kasara. Those who take soup on this day do not take food and water since morning and make kheer on an earthen stove in the evening. Arg is given to God at night i.e. the person who performs this Chhath Puja, stands in his place of worship at night carrying bananas and kheer pots and his family members offer milk to him. He accepts this prasad and distributes it to everyone in his family. In many places it is also celebrated in a different form, but this second day of Chhath Puja is celebrated only by offering Arghya at night.
The third day of this great festival i.e. Sandhya Arghya donation. From the beginning of this day, all the family members get busy in their work because different tasks are done on this day. Like some people do the work of making Thekua and Kasara and this is a special dish of Chhath Puja, for which wheat rice is already ground and kept. At the same time, some people make soup, banana coconut tabha etc. are specially offered. People decorate the soup according to their capacity. As I said earlier, this is the specialty of worship and definitely fulfills it. Then some people also decorate the ghat, even if they want to spend only a few moments there, but people decorate it with great enthusiasm. On this day all the people of the house do their work, so the specialty of this festival becomes even more. Wherever the family members are, they definitely reach their homes at the time of Chhath Puja. As you all know that people celebrate this festival for their family members, that is why in this festival, everyone gives their support from their own level. Even before the evening, after pouring the soup in the dala, lifting it on his forehead, he goes to the ghat, although now many people have started using the vehicle as well. They go to the ghat and decorate the soup there and in the evening they are offered Arghya when they see the redness of the sun. The person who has been fasting for the last two days, standing in the water and standing towards the sun, lifts the soup and all the people offer milk and Ganga water in front of the soup and thus this day of Sandhya Arghya is celebrated. On this day, the setting sun is worshipped, that is, the setting sun is saluted.
The fourth and last day of Chhath Puja is called Nistar. On this day, Arghya is offered to Lord Bhaskar in the early morning i.e. when the sun rises. Even today Arghya donation is done just like Sandhya Arghya donation and with today's Arghya donation, this four-day festival of Chhath Puja ends. The person who performs Chhath Puja, observes fast for the last four days, opens his vart with sarvat and tea, only after that he takes food and water. The prasad of this festival is also very important, so those who do not do this festival also consider themselves fortunate by taking the prasad of this festival.
- sanoj kumar
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